Psychology Faculty

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Browsing Psychology Faculty by Author "Afifi, Tracie, O"

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    Anxiety-related psychopathology and chronic pain comorbidity among public safety personnel
    (Elsevier, 2018-03-28) Carleton, R. Nicholas; Afifi, Tracie, O; Taillieu, Tamara; Turner, Sarah; El-Gabalawy, Renee; Sareen, Jitender; Asmundson, Gordon
    Canadian Public Safety Personnel (PSP; e.g., correctional service officers, dispatchers, firefighters, paramedics, police officers) regularly experience potentially traumatic, painful, and injurious events. Such exposures increase risk for developing mental disorders and chronic pain, which both involve substantial personal and social costs. The interrelationship between mental disorders and chronic pain is well-established, and both can be mutually maintaining; accordingly, understanding the relationship between mental health and chronic pain among PSP is important for improving health care. Unfortunately, the available research on such comorbidity for PSP is sparse. The current study was designed to provide initial estimates of comorbidities between mental disorders and chronic pain across diverse PSP. Participants included 5093 PSP (32% women) in six categories (i.e., Call Center Operators/Dispatchers, Correctional Workers, Firefighters, Municipal/Provincial Police, Paramedics, Royal Canadian Mounted Police) who participated in a large PSP mental health survey. The survey included established self-report measures for mental disorders and chronic pain. In the total sample, 23.1% of respondents self-reported clinically significant comorbid concerns with both mental disorders and chronic pain. The results indicated PSP who reported chronic pain were significantly more likely to screen positive for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and alcohol use disorder. There were differences between PSP categories; but, the most consistent indications of comorbidity were for chronic pain, PTSD, and major depressive disorder. Comorbidity between chronic pain and mental disorders among PSP is prevalent. Health care providers should regularly assess PSP for both symptom domains.
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    Assessing Relative Stressors and Mental Disorders among Canadian Provincial Correctional Workers
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021-09-23) Konyk, Katy; Ricciardelli, Rosemary; Taillieu, Tamara; Afifi, Tracie, O; Groll, Dianne; Carleton, R. Nicholas
    In the current study, we quantified the mean stress levels of 43 occupational stressors for 868 Correctional Workers (CWs) and analyzed the relationships between occupational stressors, exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs), and mental health disorders. Our findings emphasize the importance of the occupational environment in relation to CW mental health and indicate that occupational stressors (e.g., staff shortages, inconsistent leadership style, bureaucratic red tape) are more salient contributors to CW mental health than exposure to PPTEs. Finding strategies to ameliorate staff shortages, improve leadership style and communication, and support CWs to maintain physical, mental, and social well-being would be interventions tied to significant organizational and operational stressors within the current study.
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    Associations Between Trauma Exposure and Physical Health Conditions Among Public Safety Personnel.
    (Canadian Psychiatric Association, 2020-04-10) Sommer, Jordana; El-Gabalawy, Renée; Taillieu, Tamara; Afifi, Tracie, O; Carleton, R. Nicholas
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    Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada
    (SAGE Publications, 2017-08-28) Carleton, R. Nicholas; Afifi, Tracie, O; Turner, Sarah; Taillieu, Tamara; Duranceau, Sophie; LeBouthillier, Daniel, M.; Sareen, Jitender; Ricciardelli, Rosemary; MacPhee, Renee; Groll, Dianne; Hozempa, Kadie; Brunet, Alain; Weekes, John, R.; Griffiths, Curt, T.; Abrams, Kelly, J.; Jones, Nicholas, A.; Beshai, Shadi; Cramm, Heidi, A.; Dobson, Keith, S.; Hatcher, Simon; Keane, Terence, M.; Stewart, Sherry, H.; Asmundson, Gordon
    Canadian public safety personnel (PSP; e.g., correctional workers, dispatchers, firefighters, paramedics, police officers) are exposed to potentially traumatic events as a function of their work. Such exposures contribute to the risk of developing clinically significant symptoms related to mental disorders. The current study was designed to provide estimates of mental disorder symptom frequencies and severities for Canadian PSP.
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    Suicidal Ideation, Planning, and Attempts Among new Royal Canadian Mounted Police Cadets
    (SAGE Publications, 2023-02-03) Nisbet, Jolan; Jamshidi, Laleh; Maguire, Kirby, Q; Afifi, Tracie, O; Brunet, Alain; Fletcher, Amber, J.; Asmundson, Gordon; Sareen, Jitender; Shields, Robyn, E.; Andrews, Katie, L.; Sauer-Zavala, Shannon; Neary, J. Patrick; Lix, Lisa; Stewart, Sherry, H.; Krätzig, Gregory, P.; Carleton, R. Nicholas
    Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) report diverse occupational stressors and repeated exposures to potentially psychologically traumatic events, which may increase the odds of screening positive for a mental disorder, and increase the risk of death by suicide. The current study was designed to provide prevalence information regarding suicidal behaviours (i.e., ideation, planning, attempts) and assess for sociodemographic differences among cadets at the start of the RCMP Cadet Training Program (CTP)