Browsing by Author "Rodrigues, Sara"

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    Measuring moral distress and moral injury: A systematic review and content analysis of existing scales
    (Elsevier BV, 2024-03) Houle, Stephanie A.; Ein, Natalie; Gervasio, Julia; Plouffe, Rachel A.; Litz, Brett T.; Carleton, R. Nicholas; Hansen, Kevin T.; Liu, Jenny J.W.; Ashbaugh, Andrea R.; Callaghan, Walter; Thompson, Megan M.; Easterbrook, Bethany; Smith-MacDonald, Lorraine; Rodrigues, Sara; Bélanger, Stéphanie A.H.; Bright, Katherine S.; Lanius, Ruth A.; Baker, Clara; Younger, William; Brémault-Phillips, Suzette; Hosseiny, Fardous; Richardson, J. Don; Nazarov, Anthony
    Background: Moral distress (MD) and moral injury (MI) are related constructs describing the negative conse- quences of morally challenging stressors. Despite growing support for the clinical relevance of these constructs, ongoing challenges regarding measurement quality risk limiting research and clinical advances. This study summarizes the nature, quality, and utility of existing MD and MI scales, and provides recommendations for future use. Method: We identified psychometric studies describing the development or validation of MD or MI scales and extracted information on methodological and psychometric qualities. Content analyses identified specific out- comes measured by each scale. Results: We reviewed 77 studies representing 42 unique scales. The quality of psychometric approaches varied greatly across studies, and most failed to examine convergent and divergent validity. Content analyses indicated most scales measure exposures to potential moral stressors and outcomes together, with relatively few measuring only exposures (n = 3) or outcomes (n = 7). Scales using the term MD typically assess general distress. Scales using the term MI typically assess several specific outcomes.
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    Moral Injury, Chaplaincy and Mental Health Provider Approaches to Intervention: A Scoping Review
    (Springer, 2022-03-15) Jones, Kimberley A.; Freijah, Isabella; Carey, Lindsay; Carleton, R. Nicholas; Devenish‑Meares, Peter; Dell, Lisa; Rodrigues, Sara; Madden, Kelsey; Johnson, Lucinda; Hosseiny, Fardous; Phelps, Andrea J.
    The aim of this research was to describe the evidence examining the approaches taken by mental health providers (MHPs) and chaplains to address symptoms related to moral injury (MI) or exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs). This research also considers the implications for a holistic approach to address symptoms related to MI that combines mental health and chaplaincy work. A scop- ing review of literature was conducted using Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Central Register of Controlled Trials, Proquest, Philosphers Index, CINAHL, SocINDEX, Academic Search Complete, Web of Science and Scopus databases using search terms related to MI and chaplaincy approaches or psychological approaches to MI. The search identified 35 eligible studies: 26 quantitative studies and nine qualita- tive studies. Most quantitative studies (n = 33) were conducted in military samples. The studies examined interventions delivered by chaplains (n = 5), MHPs (n = 23) and combined approaches (n = 7). Most studies used symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or depression as primary outcomes. Various approaches to addressing MI have been reported in the literature, including MHP, chaplaincy and combined approaches, however, there is currently limited evidence to support the effectiveness of any approach. There is a need for high quality empirical studies assessing the effectiveness of interventions designed to address MI-related symp- toms. Outcome measures should include the breadth of psychosocial and spiritual impacts of MI if we are to establish the benefits of MHP and chaplaincy approaches and the potential incremental value of combining both approaches into a holistic model of care