Physical activity and physical/cognitive function in long-term care residents with dementia: A pilot study

Abstract

Objectives: Physiologic effects of aging combined with abnormal cognitive decline often lead to decreased functional independence among older adults with dementia. Those who reside in long-term care (LTC) are even more prone to this as they are typically at a more advanced stage of dementia and require more care and assistance with activities of daily living relating to self-care. A small existing body of literature exists suggests that regular physical activity may be effective at maintaining/improving physical and cognitive function in this population (Heyn et al., 2004; Yu et al., 2006). Methods: Fifty-three residents of a Western Canadian long-term care facility were invited to participate, with proxy decisionmaker consent. Sixteen residents (6 males, 10 females) consented, met inclusion criteria, and were randomly assigned to either a three-times weekly group walking program, or a control condition involving only weekly group social visits with student volunteers. Functional indicators to be assessed at baseline, six, and twelve weeks were timed up-and-go, functional reach, and six-minute walk. Cognitive function was also assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Descriptive data, including age, education level, prescribed medications, and comorbid health conditions was collected through chart audits. Mixed-model ANOVA will be used to assess within and between group differences. Results: Data is currently being analyzed with results to be shared at this conference. Conclusion: Positive results from this study would show the potential of a relatively simple physical activity intervention to improve function, independence and quality of life among elders with dementia residing in long-term care.