Bottom-Up Forces Drive Increases in the Abundance of Large Daphnids in Four Small Lakes Stocked with Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Interior British Columbia, Canada

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dc.contributor.authorMushet, Graham R.
dc.contributor.authorLaird, Kathleen R.
dc.contributor.authorLeavitt, Peter R.
dc.contributor.authorMaricle, Stephen
dc.contributor.authorKlassen, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorCumming, Brian F.
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-27T17:37:52Z
dc.date.available2023-04-27T17:37:52Z
dc.date.issued2019-09-23
dc.description© 2019 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4 .0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.en_US
dc.description.abstractThe introduction of salmonids into lakes of western North America for sport fishing is a widespread phenomenon. While numerous investigations have documented cascading trophic interactions upon the introduction of fish into naturally fishless systems, little research has been done to investigate the importance of natural fish status (fishless vs. fish bearing) in modulating historical food web response to dual forcing by bottom-up (resource regulation from nutrients) and top-down (planktivory from stocked fish) processes. We used the paleolimnological record to reconstruct food web changes in four lakes in interior British Columbia that have been stocked with rainbow trout since the early to mid-1900s. Analysis of pigments, diatoms, and Cladocera was undertaken in cores from all lakes. We predicted that if fish were important in structuring cladoceran abundance and composition, we would document a decline in the abundance of large daphnids post-stocking in our two naturally fishless lakes, and little change in the two fish-bearing lakes. Instead, we documented increased abundance of large daphnids after stocking in all lakes in the early to mid-1900s, a finding inconsistent with size-selective predation from planktivorous fish. Further, our data suggest that deep, low-oxygen refugia may be important in sustaining populations of large Daphnia, a process which was enhanced by increased nutrients and lake production according to sub-fossil diatom and pigment analyses. This study shows that fish stocking does not invariably result in a decrease in large-bodied Cladocera and that nutrients and lake type can modulate the response of invertebrate planktivores.en_US
dc.description.authorstatusFacultyen_US
dc.description.peerreviewyesen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by funding from the Habitat Conservation Trust Foundation, with additional support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Coun- cil of Canada (both BFC and PRL). PRL was also supported by Queen’s University Belfasten_US
dc.identifier.citationMushet, G.R., K.R. Laird, P.R. Leavitt, S. Maricle, A. Klassen, A. Rahi, and B.F. Cumming. 2020. Bottom-up forces drive historical increases in the abundance of large daphniids in four small lakes stocked with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), interior British Columbia, Canada. Ecosystems 23: 873–890. doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00443-0en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00443-0
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10294/15886
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectfish stockingen_US
dc.subjectDaphnia pulexen_US
dc.subjecteu- trophicationen_US
dc.subjectanoxiaen_US
dc.subjectfood web structureen_US
dc.subjectselective predationen_US
dc.subjectdeepwater refugiaen_US
dc.subjectpaleolimnologyen_US
dc.titleBottom-Up Forces Drive Increases in the Abundance of Large Daphnids in Four Small Lakes Stocked with Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Interior British Columbia, Canadaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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