Rosemary essential oil and its components 1,8-cineole and α-pinene induce ROS-dependent lethality and ROS-independent virulence inhibition in Candida albican

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dc.contributor.authorShahina, Zinnat
dc.contributor.authorAl Homsi, Raymond
dc.contributor.authorPrice, Jared D. W.
dc.contributor.authorWhiteway, Malcolm
dc.contributor.authorSultana, Taranum
dc.contributor.authorDahms, Tanya E. S.
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-09T17:23:44Z
dc.date.available2023-05-09T17:23:44Z
dc.date.issued2022-11-16
dc.description© 2022 Shahina et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_US
dc.description.abstractThe essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis L., a composite mixture of plant-derived secondary metabolites, exhibits antifungal activity against virulent candidal species. Here we report the impact of rosemary oil and two of its components, the monoterpene α-pinene and the monoterpenoid 1,8-cineole, against Candida albicans, which induce ROS-dependent cell death at high concentrations and inhibit hyphal morphogenesis and biofilm formation at lower concentrations. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (100% inhibition) for both rosemary oil and 1,8-cineole were 4500 μg/ml and 3125 μg/ml for α-pinene, with the two components exhibiting partial synergy (FICI = 0.55 ± 0.07). At MIC and 1/2 MIC, rosemary oil and its components induced a generalized cell wall stress response, causing damage to cellular and organelle membranes, along with elevated chitin production and increased cell surface adhesion and elasticity, leading to complete vacuolar segregation, mitochondrial depolarization, elevated reactive oxygen species, microtubule dysfunction, and cell cycle arrest mainly at the G1/S phase, consequently triggering cell death. Interestingly, the same oils at lower fractional MIC (1/8-1/4) inhibited virulence traits, including reduction of mycelium (up to 2-fold) and biofilm (up to 4-fold) formation, through a ROS-independent mechanism.en_US
dc.description.authorstatusFacultyen_US
dc.description.peerreviewyesen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant (NSERC DG; RGPIN-2018-06649), Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation Collaborative Innovation Development and Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) grants to TESD, a NSERC DG (RGPIN-2017-4799) and Canada Research Chair (950-228957) to MW. TS was partially supported by the Faculty of Science and CFI infrastructure operating fund to TESD. ZS was partially supported by the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research at the University of Regina.en_US
dc.identifier.citationShahina Z, Al Homsi R, Price JDW, Whiteway M, Sultana T, Dahms TES (2022) Rosemary essential oil and its components 1,8-cineole and α-pinene induce ROS-dependent lethality and ROS-independent virulence inhibition in Candida albicans. PLoS ONE 17(11): e0277097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277097en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277097
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10294/15913
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.titleRosemary essential oil and its components 1,8-cineole and α-pinene induce ROS-dependent lethality and ROS-independent virulence inhibition in Candida albicanen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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